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Tularemia
Tularemia is a bacterial zoonotic disease caused by Francisella
tularensis. It usually affects wild mammals, but it can be
transmitted to humans and domesticated animals (sheep and cats are
especially susceptible). Some common wild animal hosts include
lagomorphs (rabbits and hares), muskrats, beavers, squirrels, voles,
rats, and mice. Ticks and deer flies are common vectors of the disease.
The bacteria can be transmitted by ingestion, inhalation, direct contact
with mucous membranes and broken skin, or arthropod-borne transfer. Six
different forms of tularemia can affect humans, and the type of illness
depends on the route of infection. Tularemia became reportable in North Dakota in 1944.
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2016 County Data*
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*Data is preliminary. Numbers are for human
cases only.
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